Which states have a bitcoin reserve?

Three US states have a bitcoin reserve law as of November 2026: New Hampshire, Arizona and Texas. All three passed in 2025, and public trackers we checked listed no fourth state. The laws work very differently, and Texas is the only one we found that has reported a purchase. This guide covers state laws; the federal Strategic Bitcoin Reserve is explained in does the US government own bitcoin.

What is the New Hampshire bitcoin reserve law?

New Hampshire was first. HB 302, which lets the state treasury invest in precious metals and digital assets, was signed by Governor Kelly Ayotte on May 6, 2025 as Chapter 4, according to the General Court's records. It took effect on May 7, 2025.

The Block reported that the treasurer may invest up to 10% of the general fund and other authorised funds in precious metals and in digital assets with a market cap above $500 billion, a bar that only bitcoin met at the time. Assets can be held directly with a qualified custodian or through an exchange-traded product.

What is the Arizona bitcoin reserve fund?

Arizona took a narrower route. HB 2749, Chapter 150 of 2025, created a Bitcoin and Digital Assets Reserve Fund run by the State Treasurer, the Legislature's summary says. It is filled from unclaimed digital assets, which holders must hand over in their native form rather than sell. A qualified custodian may stake those assets, and airdrops and staking rewards go to the fund if the property is still unclaimed after three years. The state is not buying bitcoin on the market. How this fits with Arizona tax rules is in how crypto is taxed in Arizona.

What is the Texas state bitcoin reserve?

Texas passed SB 21, which Governor Greg Abbott signed in June 2025, according to the Bitbo tracker. It created the Texas Strategic Bitcoin Reserve. The comptroller holds and manages it and may hire a qualified custodian, which must use cold storage. Purchases are limited to crypto with an average market cap of at least $500 billion over 24 months. The comptroller must report on holdings by December 31 of each even-numbered year.

The Legislature appropriated $10 million. On November 20, 2025 the comptroller's office bought $5 million in bitcoin, half the appropriation, The Texas Tribune reported. The office called it a placeholder investment while it worked to contract with a crypto bank to manage the portfolio. The state's wider crypto rules are in how crypto is taxed in Texas.

Which other states tried to create a bitcoin reserve?

Many bills have failed. The Bitbo tracker reports that Florida's SB 1038 cleared one committee but died in appropriations in March 2026, and that Utah removed its reserve provision before final passage. Trackers update at different speeds, so state legislature websites are the best check on any bill's status.

Rules differ by state and change often. Check the official source or a qualified professional for your own situation.